Dr. Francis Boyle, who drafted the Biological Weapons Act has given a detailed statement admitting that the 2019 Wuhan Coronavirus is an offensive Biological Warfare Weapon and that the World Health Organization (WHO) already knows about it. Francis Boyle is a professor of international law at the University of Illinois College of Law. He drafted the U.S. domestic implementing legislation for the Biological Weapons Convention, known as the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989, that was approved unanimously by both Houses of the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President George H.W. Bush.

With COVID 19, more than ever before, healthcare institutions are realizing the need to develop, implement, assess, review and revise their infection control policies and guidelines of practice. In many facilities, patients who are known to be or suspected to be infectious are physically isolated from other patients and people. This is the rightful and ethical thing to do. These patients are usually identified through surveillance or using clinical and/ or microbiological criteria. Whilst practices such as personal and hand hygiene, safe infection control practices, distancing and others are useful, the use of formal isolation in hospitals represent an important step. This is also essential to reduce spread to healthcare workers. In this paper, we describe a Negative Pressure Full Isolation Tent (NPFIT) which we tried out via simulation and the conduct of a simple smoke test to understand more on the concept of negative pressure and what it entails. It is our hope that readers will get a better understanding of this concept, through our simplified demonstration and trial.

Zinc (?)-immune pediatric virucidal activities for children with 2019-nCoV prevention and COVID-19 bronchitis and pneumonia are discussed, and these Zn2+-immune pediatric virucidal effects result in the following. Zinc intakes by zinc induced immunity are required 3 mg/day for 7 month to 3 years, 5 mg/day for 4~ 8 years, and 8 mg/day for 9 ~13 years in children. Zinc supplementation have been assessed, from 15 mg to 140 mg/week, with the upper range exceeding the recommended daily infection (RDI) for children of 2 mg/day for children less than one year of age and up to 7 mg/day for children between 1 to 3 years. Zinc induced pediatric preventing respiratory 2019-nCoV is required that supplementation with zinc gluconate 20 mg in Zn deficient children resulted in a nearly twofold reduction of acute lower respiratory infections as well as the time to recovery. Zinc supplementation in children is associated with a reduction in the incidence and prevalence of pneumonia. Preventing 2019-nCoV pneumonia is required that zinc supplementation alone (10 to 20 mg) for more than 3 months significantly reduces in the rate of pneumonia. Prophylactic zinc supplementation for two weeks may reduce the morbidity due to acute lower respiratory infections. Zinc gluconate supplement may result in significant reduction in respiratory morbidity among children with acute lower respiratory infections. In addition. as serum zinc level of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)-children was very low, higher zinc concentration treatments as low sociodemographic factors, poor nutritional status and male children were prevalently associated with higher incidence of acute respiratory infections. Adjuvant treatment with 20 mg zinc/day accelerates recovery from severe pneumonia in children. Primary outcome was recovery from pneumonia and 30 mg/day of zinc supplementation reduces pneumonia in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Zinc supplementation + Chloroquine (CQ)/hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may be more effective in reducing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality than CQ or HCQ in monotherapy. The serum zinc level returned to a normal level (median, 53.20 µmol/L) on day 12±2 in the treatment. There was no statistical difference in the pediatric critic illness score, lung injury score, length of hospital stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation between the zinc treatments. The oxidative stress in pediatric diseases causes an oxidative burst that results in a respiratory burst and rapid ROS production. Thus, zinc pediatric intake may be required to be effective range 10~20 mg/d for 2019-CoV prevention, 10~30 mg/d for reduction of COVID-19 bronchitis, and 20~30 mg/d for recovery from COVID-19 pneumonia, in which Zn2+ could bind with viral surface proteins by Zn2+ions-centered tetrahedrally coordination pattern.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic outcome which is an emerging infectious disease that potentially originated from Wuhan in China has seen an upsurge of cases and deaths globally over time. One of the consequences found in the course of the management of these viral pandemic involves the massive production and usage of different myriad of medical supplies to meet up the increasing demands by health workers, patients and the public. This trend has resulted in the proliferation of medical wastes against a backdrop of poor waste management outcome especially in Nigeria. Aim The aim of this article borders on bringing to light the effects of improperly managed medical wastes, and the risks it poses to human health and the environment at large. Furthermore also, to outline various types of medical wastes and the guidelines associated with their disposal, especially those associated with management of COVID-19 pandemic saga. Method/Methodology The study approach follows the systematic review of peer-reviewed published articles as well as online publications and articles derived from various databases with search keywords relevant to the topic of discourse. Findings and Results Findings from this study show that the coronavirus disease of 2019 has spread widely globally with massive socio-economic and socio-cultural consequences. Over time there has been a progressive increase in cases and deaths due to Covid-19 in Nigeria and most other countries. The management of COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the proliferation of medical wastes. Medical wastes are those generated from the use of medical supplies in the course of healthcare delivery and disease prevention such as hand gloves, facemasks, and hazmat suits etc. Medical wastes legislations that support the proper disposal of medical wastes in Nigeria and most other developing nations have been very weak and have failed to achieve the desired results, with high incidences of infectious diseases such as HIV and Hepatitis still being transmitted through improperly disposed of wastes. Therefore improperly waste disposal may probably serve as a very potent means of community transmission of COVID-19 transmission, if not handled in good time especially the freshly disposed materials Conclusion and Recommendation While the generation of massive wastes is being seen in this COVID-19 pandemic period, it may be unavoidable that there could be re-infection of subjects from improper medical waste disposal strategies. Thus, it is pertinent that relevant regulations are put in place, enforced and monitored to ensure that improperly managed wastes do not form another avenue for widespread of the virus in our communities. It is also very necessary to organize massive campaigns aimed at creating enough public awareness of the risks associated with medical wastes and on the need for proper disposal especially COVID 19 associated waste materials.

Background: With the worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), the global economy has entered a cold winter, and the International Monetary Fund predicts that the global economy will shrink by about 3% in 2020. The outbreak of the epidemic has also caused heavy losses to the Chinese economy. In the first quarter of 2020, actual GDP fell sharply for the first time by 6.8% year-on-year for the first time. This is the first decline since record. Then, according to the data from the business survey in March, China economy has improved compared with February, which shows that the economy has rebounded under the influence of policies. Judging from the current situation, although China has passed the peak period of the epidemic, affected by the high cases abroad, it can only be carried out slowly for the resumption of production. Enterprises, as micro-individuals under the macro economy, need to pass through analyzing the dynamic management of the enterprise to deepen the reform of the commercial system and stimulate the vitality of the enterprise. This will also provide data support for the government formulating relevant policies, which is conducive to the synergy of various policies and enhance the momentum of economic recovery. On the other hand, we choose tourism as our specific research object. Thus, we need to set different scenarios according to the development situation of the epidemic, evaluate the impact of the novel coronavirus epidemic on China tourism industry, and discuss tourism development and opportunities in the post-epidemic era from the aspects of tourism response to the epidemic and the development trend of the tourism after the epidemic. Methods: This dissertation first discusses the issue of enterprise dynamic management in the post-covid-19 epidemic era, establishes the Difference-in-Difference model (DID model), and improves the model reasonably. It puts forward the dynamic management plan of different regions, and judges the effect of the policy on the implementation of the epidemic. At the same time, it also aims at the impact of the epidemic on the tourism industry at the important time points. The elasticity method and linear regression are used to evaluate and forecast. Using transportation data as a leading indicator, the elasticity of the total number of tourists Et1 and the elasticity of total tourism revenue Ei1 during the Spring Festival and Spring Festival are calculated to be 1.39 and 1.60 respectively. The impact of COVID-19 on the Spring Festival tourism market is evaluated through the Spring Festival elasticity; During the period, the elasticity of the International Workers Day tourism market relative to the Spring Festival tourism market Et2 ?Ei2 is calculated to be 1.14 and 0.9024 respectively through data over the years. Combining the forecast results of the Spring Festival tourism market and the data calibration of different forecast scenarios, the International Workers Day is predicted. The total number of tourist trips and total tourism revenue during the period; for the National Holiday, the above ideas are used to calculate the elasticity of the National Holiday tourism market relative to the Spring Festival and International Workers Daytourism markets Et3 ? Ei3, which are 0.69 and 0.94, respectively, predicting the total number of tourists and total tourism revenue during the National Holiday period. Findings: The results based on DID model analysis show that the significance level of the policy to the GDP of Jiangsu Province is 32%. The saliency level in Hubei province is 37%. In the first quarter of the year 2020, the total travel time and total tourism revenue of the first quarter of the year 2020 are predicted, and the logarithmic linear regression equation is established based on the total tourist arrivals and the total tourism revenue in the year 2020 as the explanatory variables of total tourism trips and total tourism revenue in the first quarter. The total number of tourist trips in the first quarter of the year 2020 is 394 million, a decrease of 74.42% over the same period last year, and the total value of tourism revenue is 319 billion 565 million yuan, a decrease of 77.01% over the same period last year. The counter-factual prediction value of the total number of tourists in the first quarter of the year 2020 is 1 billion 676 million, and the counter-factual prediction value of the total tourism revenue is 1 trillion and 580 billion yuan. During the first half of the year 2020, the total number of tourists and the total tourism revenue in the first half of the year are predicted. The total number of tourists in the first quarter and the International Workers Day is used as the explanatory variables of the total travel time in the first half of the year. Logarithmic linear regression equations are established respectively and replaced by the estimated values. The predicted value of the total tourist arrivals in the first half of the year 2020 is 1 billion 440 million, which is 53.25% lower than that in the same period last year. The forecast value of total tourism revenue is 1 trillion and 165 billion 98 million yuan, with a decrease of 58.09%. Compared with the same period last year, the potential decline of the total number of tourists in the first half of the year 2020 is 1 billion 911 million, with a decrease of 57.03%, resulting in a potential loss of 1 trillion and 994 billion 902 million yuan and a loss ratio of 63.13% for tourism total revenue. Under the optimistic forecast, the total number of tourist trips in the year 2020 is 4 billion 659 million. A decrease of 23.12% compared with the same period last year, and the total value of tourism revenue is 4 trillion and 807 billion 295 million yuan, 26.27% lower than that of the same period last year. Under the prudent forecast, the total number of tourist trips in the year 2020 is 3 billion 941 million, a decrease of 34.97% over the same period last year, and the total value of tourism revenue is 3 trillion and 922 billion 883 million yuan, a decrease of 39.83%, over the same period of the last year. Interpretation: Chinas economy has been affected by the epidemic to varying degrees in all sectors, especially in the tertiary sector. And because the outbreak situation in China did not look good in the first quarter of 2020, almost all companies made a loss in the first quarter of 2020. To address the economic downturn, the Chinese government has taken various measures, such as issuing coupons to stimulate consumption, discounting promotions, etc. And as the domestic epidemic situation in China continues to improve, more and more companies have resumed normal operations in the last two months. It is believed that in the near future, Chinas economic situation will be significantly better than in the first quarter.